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151.
152.
Maternal age specific rates for all major chromosome aberrations have been determined in 52 965 pregnancies in mothers 35 years of age and over at the time of amniocentesis. Rates increase exponentially with advancing maternal age for trisomies 21, 18 and 13, and for the XXX and XXY syndromes, but in the autosomal trisomies this rise appears to be followed by a levelling off at the upper end of the age range. A significant inverse relationship with maternal age is found for 45,X cases. It is postulated that these various patterns are the result of the interaction of three principal factors: a maternal age effect acting particularly on first meiotic nondisjunction: a higher spontaneous abortion rate with advancing maternal age for aneuploid as compared to euploid conceptions; and an increased probability of spontaneous abortion before the time of amniocentesis for conceptions with more extensive chromosome imbalance. A stepwise logistic regression analysis of 13 299 pregnancies in which both parental ages are known shows that the father's age does not influence these maternal age specific rates, with the possible exception of the 47,XXY syndrome. 相似文献
153.
TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalysts were prepared and applied in degrading γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH)in soils.After being spiked with γ-HCH,soil samples loaded with the composite photocatalysts were exposed to UV-light irradiation.The results indicated that the photocatalytic activities of the composite photocatalysts varied with the content of TiO2 in the order of 10%<70%<50%<30%.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of the composite photocatalysts with TiO2 content 30% was higher than that of the pure P25 with the same mass of TiO2.The strong adsorption capacity of the composite photocatalysts and quantum size effect may contribute to its increased photocatalytic activities.In addition,effect of dosage of composite photocatalysts and soil pH on γ-HCH photodegradation was investigated. Pentachlorocyclohexene,trichlorocyclohexene,and dichlorobenzene were detected as photodegradation intermediates,which were gradually degraded with tlle phOtOdegradation evolution. 相似文献
154.
我国森林覆盖率为16.55%,人均森林面积约为世界平均水平的1/5,为少林国家。而现有木材加工企业利用率不高,加之木制品的大量出口,使森林遭到更大破坏。应采取提高木材综合利用率水平、培育速生丰产林种、以竹代木、调整林产企业产业结构等措施减小对环境的不良影响。 相似文献
155.
Earthworm toxicity tests are useful tools for terrestrial risk assessment but require a hierarchy of test designs that differ in effect levels (behavior, sublethal, lethal). In this study, the toxicity of chlorpyrifos contaminated soil on earthworms was assessed. In addition to the acute and chronic tests, an avoidance response test was applied. Earthworms were exposed to sublethal and lethal concentration of chlorpyrifos, and evaluated for acute toxicity, growth, fecundity and avoidance response after a certain exposure period. The test methods covered all important ecological relevant endpoints (acute, chronic, behavioral). Concentration of 78.91 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos caused significant toxic effects in all test methods, but at lower test concentrations, only significant chronic toxic effects could be observed. In the present study, chlorpyrifos had adverse effect on growth and fecundity in earthworm exposed to 5 mg/kg chlorpyrifos after eight weeks. The avoidance response test, however, showed significant repellent effects concentration of 40 mg/kg chlorpyrifos. For chlorpyrifos, concentration affecting avoidance response was far greater than growth and fecundity, it seemed likely that earthworms were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides. 相似文献
156.
铁路建设对动物生态行为的影响与控制策略 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
从动物生境的破坏与污染两方面分析了铁路建设对动物生态行为的影响,并从铁路的路线选择、防噪减噪、设置动物通道、加强管理等方面论述了其控制对策。 相似文献
157.
公路设计中的环境保护工作 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了公路建设中环境保护工作的意义,提出在公路工程勘察设计工作中对环境保护的典型作法和取得的效果。 相似文献
158.
湄洲湾海水环境质量和水产业发展的关系 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
通过1995 年12 月~1996 年1 月湄洲湾渔业资源调查和生物体内残毒分析,结合1988 ~1996 年的生态环境综合调查资料,探讨以石化工业为主体的开发对湄洲湾水产业的影响。结果表明,工业发展中污染物的排放对湄洲湾生态环境和生物的不良影响正在显现,并对水产业的发展构成威胁,但在严格控制污染物排放,保护并发展水产业的情况下,湄洲湾仍能较长期保持现有的各种使用功能,维护湾内海域的生态平衡。 相似文献
159.
小凌河污水灌溉对水稻作物影响的分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
刘丽 《辽宁城乡环境科技》1999,19(1):43-46
通过小凌河水灌溉水稻的清水不地比清沙漠为分析污灌给水稻作物带来的生长发育,产量及稻米品质等方面的生态效应,初步了解米质品质下降的不利因素,并提出审慎考虑污灌问题。 相似文献
160.
太湖水资源状况与和长江三角洲的经济发展关系极大。多年来,人为对太湖资源的破坏使本来就很脆弱的生态环境不堪重负。应尽快建立有权威的管理机构,制定高起点,高标准,高科技,高效益的综合开发治理总体规则,使太湖明珠重放光彩。 相似文献